cmd/compile: restore zero-copy string->[]byte optimization

cmd/compile: restore zero-copy string->[]byte optimization

This CL implements the remainder of the zero-copy string->[]byte
conversion optimization initially attempted in go.dev/cl/520395, but
fixes the tracking of mutations due to ODEREF/ODOTPTR assignments, and
adds more comprehensive tests that I should have included originally.

However, this CL also keeps it behind the -d=zerocopy flag. The next
CL will enable it by default (for easier rollback).

Updates #2205.

Change-Id: Ic330260099ead27fc00e2680a59c6ff23cb63c2b
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/520599
Auto-Submit: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Than McIntosh <thanm@google.com>
Run-TryBot: Matthew Dempsky <mdempsky@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Cuong Manh Le <cuong.manhle.vn@gmail.com>