mode := invalid
var typ Type
var val constant.Value
- switch typ = implicitArrayDeref(optype(x.typ)); t := typ.(type) {
+ switch typ = implicitArrayDeref(under(x.typ)); t := typ.(type) {
case *Basic:
if isString(t) && id == _Len {
if x.mode == constant_ {
mode = value
}
- case *Union:
+ case *TypeParam:
if t.underIs(func(t Type) bool {
- switch t := t.(type) {
+ switch t := implicitArrayDeref(t).(type) {
case *Basic:
if isString(t) && id == _Len {
return true
// type and collect possible result types at the same time.
var rtypes []Type
var tildes []bool
- if !tp.iface().is(func(typ Type, tilde bool) bool {
- if r := f(typ); r != nil {
+ if !tp.iface().typeSet().is(func(t *term) bool {
+ if r := f(t.typ); r != nil {
rtypes = append(rtypes, r)
- tildes = append(tildes, tilde)
+ tildes = append(tildes, t.tilde)
return true
}
return false
// type param is placed in the current package so export/import
// works as expected.
tpar := NewTypeName(token.NoPos, check.pkg, "<type parameter>", nil)
- ptyp := check.NewTypeParam(tpar, &emptyInterface) // assigns type to tpar as a side-effect
+ ptyp := check.NewTypeParam(tpar, NewInterfaceType(nil, []Type{newUnion(rtypes, tildes)})) // assigns type to tpar as a side-effect
ptyp.index = tp.index
- tsum := newUnion(rtypes, tildes)
- ptyp.bound = &Interface{complete: true, tset: &_TypeSet{types: tsum}}
return ptyp
}
}()
switch t := typ.(type) {
- case nil, *Basic: // TODO(gri) should nil be handled here?
+ case nil, *top, *Basic: // TODO(gri) should nil be handled here?
break
case *Array:
}
}
- case *Union:
- return w.isParameterizedTermList(t.terms)
-
case *Signature:
// t.tparams may not be nil if we are looking at a signature
// of a generic function type (or an interface method) that is
return true
}
}
- return w.isParameterized(tset.types)
+ return tset.is(func(t *term) bool {
+ return w.isParameterized(t.typ)
+ })
case *Map:
return w.isParameterized(t.key) || w.isParameterized(t.elem)
return false
}
-func (w *tpWalker) isParameterizedTermList(list []*term) bool {
- for _, t := range list {
- if w.isParameterized(t.typ) {
- return true
- }
- }
- return false
-}
-
// inferB returns the list of actual type arguments inferred from the type parameters'
// bounds and an initial set of type arguments. If type inference is impossible because
// unification fails, an error is reported if report is set to true, the resulting types
// Unify type parameters with their structural constraints, if any.
for _, tpar := range tparams {
typ := tpar.typ.(*TypeParam)
- sbound := check.structuralType(typ.bound)
+ sbound := typ.structuralType()
if sbound != nil {
if !u.unify(typ, sbound) {
if report {
return
}
-
-// structuralType returns the structural type of a constraint, if any.
-func (check *Checker) structuralType(constraint Type) Type {
- if iface, _ := under(constraint).(*Interface); iface != nil {
- types := iface.typeSet().types
- if u, _ := types.(*Union); u != nil {
- if u.NumTerms() == 1 {
- // TODO(gri) do we need to respect tilde?
- t, _ := u.Term(0)
- return t
- }
- return nil
- }
- return types
- }
- return nil
-}
}
// targ's underlying type must also be one of the interface types listed, if any
- if iface.typeSet().types == nil {
+ if !iface.typeSet().hasTerms() {
return true // nothing to do
}
// list of iface types (i.e., the targ type list must be a non-empty subset of the iface types).
if targ := asTypeParam(targ); targ != nil {
targBound := targ.iface()
- if targBound.typeSet().types == nil {
+ if !targBound.typeSet().hasTerms() {
check.softErrorf(atPos(pos), _Todo, "%s does not satisfy %s (%s has no type constraints)", targ, tpar.bound, targ)
return false
}
- return iface.is(func(typ Type, tilde bool) bool {
- // TODO(gri) incorporate tilde information!
- if !iface.isSatisfiedBy(typ) {
- // TODO(gri) match this error message with the one below (or vice versa)
- check.softErrorf(atPos(pos), 0, "%s does not satisfy %s (%s type constraint %s not found in %s)", targ, tpar.bound, targ, typ, iface.typeSet().types)
- return false
- }
- return true
- })
+ if !targBound.typeSet().subsetOf(iface.typeSet()) {
+ // TODO(gri) need better error message
+ check.softErrorf(atPos(pos), _Todo, "%s does not satisfy %s", targ, tpar.bound)
+ return false
+ }
+ return true
}
// Otherwise, targ's type or underlying type must also be one of the interface types listed, if any.
- if !iface.isSatisfiedBy(targ) {
- check.softErrorf(atPos(pos), _Todo, "%s does not satisfy %s (%s not found in %s)", targ, tpar.bound, targ, iface.typeSet().types)
+ if !iface.typeSet().includes(targ) {
+ // TODO(gri) better error message
+ check.softErrorf(atPos(pos), _Todo, "%s does not satisfy %s", targ, tpar.bound)
return false
}
}
// typeSet returns the type set for interface t.
-func (t *Interface) typeSet() *_TypeSet { return computeTypeSet(nil, token.NoPos, t) }
-
-// is reports whether interface t represents types that all satisfy f.
-func (t *Interface) is(f func(Type, bool) bool) bool {
- switch t := t.typeSet().types.(type) {
- case nil, *top:
- // TODO(gri) should settle on top or nil to represent this case
- return false // we must have at least one type! (was bug)
- case *Union:
- return t.is(func(t *term) bool { return f(t.typ, t.tilde) })
- default:
- return f(t, false)
- }
-}
+func (t *Interface) typeSet() *_TypeSet { return computeInterfaceTypeSet(nil, token.NoPos, t) }
// emptyInterface represents the empty (completed) interface
var emptyInterface = Interface{complete: true, tset: &topTypeSet}
// IsConstraint reports whether interface t is not just a method set.
func (t *Interface) IsConstraint() bool { return !t.typeSet().IsMethodSet() }
-// isSatisfiedBy reports whether interface t's type list is satisfied by the type typ.
-// If the type list is empty (absent), typ trivially satisfies the interface.
-// TODO(gri) This is not a great name. Eventually, we should have a more comprehensive
-// "implements" predicate.
-func (t *Interface) isSatisfiedBy(typ Type) bool {
- t.Complete()
- switch t := t.typeSet().types.(type) {
- case nil:
- return true // no type restrictions
- case *Union:
- r, _ := t.intersect(typ, false)
- return r != nil
- default:
- return Identical(t, typ)
- }
-}
-
// Complete computes the interface's type set. It must be called by users of
// NewInterfaceType and NewInterface after the interface's embedded types are
// fully defined and before using the interface type in any way other than to
// Compute type set with a non-nil *Checker as soon as possible
// to report any errors. Subsequent uses of type sets will use
// this computed type set and won't need to pass in a *Checker.
- check.later(func() { computeTypeSet(check, iface.Pos(), ityp) })
+ check.later(func() { computeInterfaceTypeSet(check, iface.Pos(), ityp) })
}
func flattenUnion(list []ast.Expr, x ast.Expr) []ast.Expr {
// x is an untyped value representable by a value of type T.
if isUntyped(Vu) {
- if t, ok := Tu.(*Union); ok {
+ if t, _ := under(T).(*TypeParam); t != nil {
return t.is(func(t *term) bool {
// TODO(gri) this could probably be more efficient
if t.tilde {
identical(x.results, y.results, cmpTags, p)
}
- case *Union:
- // Two union types are identical if they contain the same terms.
- // The set (list) of types in a union type consists of unique
- // types - each type appears exactly once. Thus, two union types
- // must contain the same number of types to have chance of
- // being equal.
- if y, ok := y.(*Union); ok {
- return identicalTerms(x.terms, y.terms)
- }
-
case *Interface:
// Two interface types are identical if they describe the same type sets.
// With the existing implementation restriction, this simplifies to:
if y, ok := y.(*Interface); ok {
xset := x.typeSet()
yset := y.typeSet()
- if !Identical(xset.types, yset.types) {
+ if !xset.terms.equal(yset.terms) {
return false
}
a := xset.methods
{Pointer{}, 8, 16},
{Tuple{}, 12, 24},
{Signature{}, 28, 56},
- {Union{}, 12, 24},
+ {Union{}, 16, 32},
{Interface{}, 40, 80},
{Map{}, 16, 32},
{Chan{}, 12, 24},
// Misc
{Scope{}, 44, 88},
{Package{}, 40, 80},
- {_TypeSet{}, 24, 48},
+ {_TypeSet{}, 28, 56},
}
for _, test := range tests {
got := reflect.TypeOf(test.val).Size()
case *Chan:
var msg string
if typ.dir == SendOnly {
+ // TODO(rfindley): this error message differs from types2. Reconcile this.
msg = "send-only channel"
}
return typ.elem, Typ[Invalid], msg
- case *Union:
+ case *TypeParam:
first := true
var key, val Type
var msg string
}
case *Union:
- terms, copied := subst.termList(t.terms)
+ terms, copied := subst.termlist(t.terms)
if copied {
- // TODO(gri) Remove duplicates that may have crept in after substitution
- // (unlikely but possible). This matters for the Identical
- // predicate on unions.
- return &Union{terms}
+ // term list substitution may introduce duplicate terms (unlikely but possible).
+ // This is ok; lazy type set computation will determine the actual type set
+ // in normal form.
+ return &Union{terms, nil}
}
case *Interface:
return
}
-func (subst *subster) termList(in []*term) (out []*term, copied bool) {
+func (subst *subster) termlist(in []*term) (out []*term, copied bool) {
out = in
for i, t := range in {
if u := subst.typ(t.typ); u != t.typ {
// normal form.
type termlist []*term
-// topTermList represents the set of all types.
+// topTermlist represents the set of all types.
// It is in normal form.
var topTermlist = termlist{new(term)}
result := make([]T, len(s))
for i, v := range s {
// The type of &result[i] is *T which is in the type list
- // of Setter2, so we can convert it to PT.
+ // of Setter, so we can convert it to PT.
p := PT(&result[i])
// PT has a Set method.
p.Set(v)
// for them to be all in a single list, and we report the error
// as well.)
type _ interface {
- ~int|~ /* ERROR duplicate term int */ int
- ~int|int /* ERROR duplicate term int */
- int|int /* ERROR duplicate term int */
+ ~int|~ /* ERROR overlapping terms ~int */ int
+ ~int|int /* ERROR overlapping terms int */
+ int|int /* ERROR overlapping terms int */
}
type _ interface {
- ~struct{f int} | ~struct{g int} | ~ /* ERROR duplicate term */ struct{f int}
+ ~struct{f int} | ~struct{g int} | ~ /* ERROR overlapping terms */ struct {f int}
}
// Interface type lists can contain any type, incl. *Named types.
for range x /* ERROR cannot range */ {}
}
-func _[T interface{ ~string | ~[]string }](x T) {
- for range x {}
- for i := range x { _ = i }
- for i, _ := range x { _ = i }
- for i, e := range x /* ERROR must have the same element type */ { _ = i }
- for _, e := range x /* ERROR must have the same element type */ {}
- var e rune
- _ = e
- for _, (e) = range x /* ERROR must have the same element type */ {}
-}
-
-
-func _[T interface{ ~string | ~[]rune | ~map[int]rune }](x T) {
- for _, e := range x { _ = e }
- for i, e := range x { _ = i; _ = e }
-}
-
-func _[T interface{ ~string | ~[]rune | ~map[string]rune }](x T) {
- for _, e := range x { _ = e }
- for i, e := range x /* ERROR must have the same key type */ { _ = e }
-}
-
-func _[T interface{ ~string | ~chan int }](x T) {
- for range x {}
- for i := range x { _ = i }
- for i, _ := range x { _ = i } // TODO(gri) should get an error here: channels only return one value
-}
-
-func _[T interface{ ~string | ~chan<-int }](x T) {
- for i := range x /* ERROR send-only channel */ { _ = i }
-}
+// Disabled for now until we have clarified semantics of range.
+// TODO(gri) fix this
+//
+// func _[T interface{ ~string | ~[]string }](x T) {
+// for range x {}
+// for i := range x { _ = i }
+// for i, _ := range x { _ = i }
+// for i, e := range x /* ERROR must have the same element type */ { _ = i }
+// for _, e := range x /* ERROR must have the same element type */ {}
+// var e rune
+// _ = e
+// for _, (e) = range x /* ERROR must have the same element type */ {}
+// }
+//
+//
+// func _[T interface{ ~string | ~[]rune | ~map[int]rune }](x T) {
+// for _, e := range x { _ = e }
+// for i, e := range x { _ = i; _ = e }
+// }
+//
+// func _[T interface{ ~string | ~[]rune | ~map[string]rune }](x T) {
+// for _, e := range x { _ = e }
+// for i, e := range x /* ERROR must have the same key type */ { _ = e }
+// }
+//
+// func _[T interface{ ~string | ~chan int }](x T) {
+// for range x {}
+// for i := range x { _ = i }
+// for i, _ := range x { _ = i } // TODO(gri) should get an error here: channels only return one value
+// }
+//
+// func _[T interface{ ~string | ~chan<-int }](x T) {
+// for i := range x /* ERROR send-only channel */ { _ = i }
+// }
// type inference checks
}
)
+type MyInt int
+
type (
// Arbitrary types may be embedded like interfaces.
_ interface{int}
_ interface{~int}
// Types may be combined into a union.
- _ interface{int|~string}
+ union interface{int|~string}
- // Union terms must be unique independent of whether they are ~ or not.
- _ interface{int|int /* ERROR duplicate term int */ }
- _ interface{int|~ /* ERROR duplicate term int */ int }
- _ interface{~int|~ /* ERROR duplicate term int */ int }
+ // Union terms must describe disjoint (non-overlapping) type sets.
+ _ interface{int|int /* ERROR overlapping terms int */ }
+ _ interface{int|~ /* ERROR overlapping terms ~int */ int }
+ _ interface{~int|~ /* ERROR overlapping terms ~int */ int }
+ _ interface{~int|MyInt /* ERROR overlapping terms p.MyInt and ~int */ }
+ _ interface{int|interface{}}
+ _ interface{int|~string|union}
+ _ interface{int|~string|interface{int}}
+ _ interface{union|union /* ERROR overlapping terms p.union and p.union */ }
// For now we do not permit interfaces with methods in unions.
_ interface{~ /* ERROR invalid use of ~ */ interface{}}
_ interface{~ /* ERROR invalid use of ~ */ bar }
)
+// Stand-alone type parameters are not permitted as elements or terms in unions.
+type (
+ _[T interface{ *T } ] struct{} // ok
+ _[T interface{ int | *T } ] struct{} // ok
+ _[T interface{ T /* ERROR cannot embed a type parameter */ } ] struct{}
+ _[T interface{ ~T /* ERROR cannot embed a type parameter */ } ] struct{}
+ _[T interface{ int|T /* ERROR cannot embed a type parameter */ }] struct{}
+)
+
// Multiple embedded union elements are intersected. The order in which they
// appear in the interface doesn't matter since intersection is a symmetric
// operation.
// Here the intersections are empty - there's no type that's in the type set of T.
func _[T interface{ myInt1|myInt2; int }]() T { return T(0 /* ERROR cannot convert */ ) }
func _[T interface{ int; myInt1|myInt2 }]() T { return T(0 /* ERROR cannot convert */ ) }
+
+// Union elements may be interfaces as long as they don't define
+// any methods or embed comparable.
+
+type (
+ Integer interface{ ~int|~int8|~int16|~int32|~int64 }
+ Unsigned interface{ ~uint|~uint8|~uint16|~uint32|~uint64 }
+ Floats interface{ ~float32|~float64 }
+ Complex interface{ ~complex64|~complex128 }
+ Number interface{ Integer|Unsigned|Floats|Complex }
+ Ordered interface{ Integer|Unsigned|Floats|~string }
+
+ _ interface{ Number | error /* ERROR cannot use error in union */ }
+ _ interface{ Ordered | comparable /* ERROR cannot use comparable in union */ }
+)
}
type _ struct{
- I3 // ERROR interface contains type constraints
+ I3 // ERROR interface is .* comparable
}
// General composite types.
_ []I1 // ERROR interface is .* comparable
_ []I2 // ERROR interface contains type constraints
- _ *I3 // ERROR interface contains type constraints
+ _ *I3 // ERROR interface is .* comparable
_ map[I1 /* ERROR interface is .* comparable */ ]I2 // ERROR interface contains type constraints
- _ chan I3 // ERROR interface contains type constraints
+ _ chan I3 // ERROR interface is .* comparable
_ func(I1 /* ERROR interface is .* comparable */ )
_ func() I2 // ERROR interface contains type constraints
)
// Other cases.
-var _ = [...]I3 /* ERROR interface contains type constraints */ {}
+var _ = [...]I3 /* ERROR interface is .* comparable */ {}
func _(x interface{}) {
- _ = x.(I3 /* ERROR interface contains type constraints */ )
+ _ = x.(I3 /* ERROR interface is .* comparable */ )
}
type T1[_ any] struct{}
// optype returns a type's operational type. Except for
// type parameters, the operational type is the same
// as the underlying type (as returned by under). For
-// Type parameters, the operational type is determined
-// by the corresponding type bound's type list. The
-// result may be the bottom or top type, but it is never
-// the incoming type parameter.
+// Type parameters, the operational type is the structural
+// type, if any; otherwise it's the top type.
+// The result is never the incoming type parameter.
func optype(typ Type) Type {
if t := asTypeParam(typ); t != nil {
+ // TODO(gri) review accuracy of this comment
// If the optype is typ, return the top type as we have
// no information. It also prevents infinite recursion
// via the asTypeParam converter function. This can happen
// for a type parameter list of the form:
// (type T interface { type T }).
// See also issue #39680.
- if a := t.iface().typeSet().types; a != nil && a != typ {
- // If we have a union with a single entry, ignore
- // any tilde because under(~t) == under(t).
- if u, _ := a.(*Union); u != nil && u.NumTerms() == 1 {
- a, _ = u.Term(0)
- }
- if a != typ {
- // a != typ and a is a type parameter => under(a) != typ, so this is ok
- return under(a)
- }
+ if u := t.structuralType(); u != nil {
+ assert(u != typ) // "naked" type parameters cannot be embedded
+ return u
}
return theTop
}
if n, _ := t.bound.(*Named); n != nil {
pos = n.obj.pos
}
- computeTypeSet(t.check, pos, iface)
+ computeInterfaceTypeSet(t.check, pos, iface)
}
return t.bound
}
t.bound = bound
}
-// iface returns the constraint interface of t.
-func (t *TypeParam) iface() *Interface {
- if iface, _ := under(t.Constraint()).(*Interface); iface != nil {
- return iface
- }
- return &emptyInterface
-}
-
func (t *TypeParam) Underlying() Type { return t }
func (t *TypeParam) String() string { return TypeString(t, nil) }
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Implementation
+// iface returns the constraint interface of t.
+func (t *TypeParam) iface() *Interface {
+ if iface, _ := under(t.Constraint()).(*Interface); iface != nil {
+ return iface
+ }
+ return &emptyInterface
+}
+
+// structuralType returns the structural type of the type parameter's constraint; or nil.
+func (t *TypeParam) structuralType() Type {
+ return t.iface().typeSet().structuralType()
+}
+
+func (t *TypeParam) is(f func(*term) bool) bool {
+ return t.iface().typeSet().is(f)
+}
+
func (t *TypeParam) underIs(f func(Type) bool) bool {
return t.iface().typeSet().underIs(f)
}
type _TypeSet struct {
comparable bool // if set, the interface is or embeds comparable
// TODO(gri) consider using a set for the methods for faster lookup
- methods []*Func // all methods of the interface; sorted by unique ID
- types Type // typically a *Union; nil means no type restrictions
+ methods []*Func // all methods of the interface; sorted by unique ID
+ terms termlist // type terms of the type set
}
-// IsTop reports whether type set s is the top type set (corresponding to the empty interface).
-func (s *_TypeSet) IsTop() bool { return !s.comparable && len(s.methods) == 0 && s.types == nil }
+// IsEmpty reports whether type set s is the empty set.
+func (s *_TypeSet) IsEmpty() bool { return s.terms.isEmpty() }
+
+// IsTop reports whether type set s is the set of all types (corresponding to the empty interface).
+func (s *_TypeSet) IsTop() bool { return !s.comparable && len(s.methods) == 0 && s.terms.isTop() }
+
+// TODO(gri) IsMethodSet is not a great name for this predicate. Find a better one.
// IsMethodSet reports whether the type set s is described by a single set of methods.
-func (s *_TypeSet) IsMethodSet() bool { return !s.comparable && s.types == nil }
+func (s *_TypeSet) IsMethodSet() bool { return !s.comparable && s.terms.isTop() }
// IsComparable reports whether each type in the set is comparable.
-// TODO(gri) this is not correct - there may be s.types values containing non-comparable types
func (s *_TypeSet) IsComparable() bool {
- if s.types == nil {
+ if s.terms.isTop() {
return s.comparable
}
- tcomparable := s.underIs(func(u Type) bool {
- return Comparable(u)
+ return s.is(func(t *term) bool {
+ return Comparable(t.typ)
})
- if !s.comparable {
- return tcomparable
- }
- return s.comparable && tcomparable
}
-// TODO(gri) IsTypeSet is not a great name. Find a better one.
+// TODO(gri) IsTypeSet is not a great name for this predicate. Find a better one.
// IsTypeSet reports whether the type set s is represented by a finite set of underlying types.
func (s *_TypeSet) IsTypeSet() bool {
}
func (s *_TypeSet) String() string {
- if s.IsTop() {
+ switch {
+ case s.IsEmpty():
+ return "∅"
+ case s.IsTop():
return "⊤"
}
+ hasMethods := len(s.methods) > 0
+ hasTerms := s.hasTerms()
+
var buf bytes.Buffer
buf.WriteByte('{')
if s.comparable {
buf.WriteString(" comparable")
- if len(s.methods) > 0 || s.types != nil {
+ if hasMethods || hasTerms {
buf.WriteByte(';')
}
}
buf.WriteByte(' ')
buf.WriteString(m.String())
}
- if len(s.methods) > 0 && s.types != nil {
+ if hasMethods && hasTerms {
buf.WriteByte(';')
}
- if s.types != nil {
- buf.WriteByte(' ')
- writeType(&buf, s.types, nil, nil)
+ if hasTerms {
+ buf.WriteString(s.terms.String())
}
+ buf.WriteString(" }") // there was at least one method or term
- buf.WriteString(" }") // there was a least one method or type
return buf.String()
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Implementation
-// underIs reports whether f returned true for the underlying types of the
-// enumerable types in the type set s. If the type set comprises all types
-// f is called once with the top type; if the type set is empty, the result
-// is false.
+func (s *_TypeSet) hasTerms() bool { return !s.terms.isTop() }
+func (s *_TypeSet) structuralType() Type { return s.terms.structuralType() }
+func (s *_TypeSet) includes(t Type) bool { return s.terms.includes(t) }
+func (s1 *_TypeSet) subsetOf(s2 *_TypeSet) bool { return s1.terms.subsetOf(s2.terms) }
+
+// TODO(gri) TypeSet.is and TypeSet.underIs should probably also go into termlist.go
+
+var topTerm = term{false, theTop}
+
+func (s *_TypeSet) is(f func(*term) bool) bool {
+ if len(s.terms) == 0 {
+ return false
+ }
+ for _, t := range s.terms {
+ // Terms represent the top term with a nil type.
+ // The rest of the type checker uses the top type
+ // instead. Convert.
+ // TODO(gri) investigate if we can do without this
+ if t.typ == nil {
+ t = &topTerm
+ }
+ if !f(t) {
+ return false
+ }
+ }
+ return true
+}
+
func (s *_TypeSet) underIs(f func(Type) bool) bool {
- switch t := s.types.(type) {
- case nil:
- return f(theTop)
- default:
- return f(t)
- case *Union:
- return t.underIs(f)
+ if len(s.terms) == 0 {
+ return false
}
+ for _, t := range s.terms {
+ // see corresponding comment in TypeSet.is
+ u := t.typ
+ if u == nil {
+ u = theTop
+ }
+ // t == under(t) for ~t terms
+ if !t.tilde {
+ u = under(u)
+ }
+ if debug {
+ assert(Identical(u, under(u)))
+ }
+ if !f(u) {
+ return false
+ }
+ }
+ return true
}
// topTypeSet may be used as type set for the empty interface.
-var topTypeSet _TypeSet
+var topTypeSet = _TypeSet{terms: topTermlist}
-// computeTypeSet may be called with check == nil.
-func computeTypeSet(check *Checker, pos token.Pos, ityp *Interface) *_TypeSet {
+// computeInterfaceTypeSet may be called with check == nil.
+func computeInterfaceTypeSet(check *Checker, pos token.Pos, ityp *Interface) *_TypeSet {
if ityp.tset != nil {
return ityp.tset
}
// have valid interfaces. Mark the interface as complete to avoid
// infinite recursion if the validType check occurs later for some
// reason.
- ityp.tset = new(_TypeSet) // TODO(gri) is this sufficient?
+ ityp.tset = &_TypeSet{terms: topTermlist} // TODO(gri) is this sufficient?
// Methods of embedded interfaces are collected unchanged; i.e., the identity
// of a method I.m's Func Object of an interface I is the same as that of
}
// collect embedded elements
- var allTypes Type
+ var allTerms = topTermlist
for i, typ := range ityp.embeddeds {
// The embedding position is nil for imported interfaces
// and also for interface copies after substitution (but
if ityp.embedPos != nil {
pos = (*ityp.embedPos)[i]
}
- var types Type
+ var terms termlist
switch t := under(typ).(type) {
case *Interface:
- tset := computeTypeSet(check, pos, t)
+ tset := computeInterfaceTypeSet(check, pos, t)
if tset.comparable {
ityp.tset.comparable = true
}
for _, m := range tset.methods {
addMethod(pos, m, false) // use embedding position pos rather than m.pos
-
}
- types = tset.types
+ terms = tset.terms
case *Union:
- // TODO(gri) combine with default case once we have
- // converted all tests to new notation and we
- // can report an error when we don't have an
- // interface before go1.18.
- types = typ
+ tset := computeUnionTypeSet(check, pos, t)
+ terms = tset.terms
case *TypeParam:
- // Embedding stand-alone type parameters is not permitted for now.
+ // Embedding stand-alone type parameters is not permitted.
// This case is handled during union parsing.
unreachable()
default:
check.errorf(atPos(pos), _InvalidIfaceEmbed, "%s is not an interface", typ)
continue
}
- types = typ
+ terms = termlist{{false, typ}}
}
- allTypes = intersect(allTypes, types)
+ // The type set of an interface is the intersection
+ // of the type sets of all its elements.
+ allTerms = allTerms.intersect(terms)
}
ityp.embedPos = nil // not needed anymore (errors have been reported)
sort.Sort(byUniqueMethodName(methods))
ityp.tset.methods = methods
}
- ityp.tset.types = allTypes
+ ityp.tset.terms = allTerms
return ityp.tset
}
func (a byUniqueMethodName) Len() int { return len(a) }
func (a byUniqueMethodName) Less(i, j int) bool { return a[i].Id() < a[j].Id() }
func (a byUniqueMethodName) Swap(i, j int) { a[i], a[j] = a[j], a[i] }
+
+// computeUnionTypeSet may be called with check == nil.
+func computeUnionTypeSet(check *Checker, pos token.Pos, utyp *Union) *_TypeSet {
+ if utyp.tset != nil {
+ return utyp.tset
+ }
+
+ // avoid infinite recursion (see also computeInterfaceTypeSet)
+ utyp.tset = new(_TypeSet)
+
+ var allTerms termlist
+ for _, t := range utyp.terms {
+ var terms termlist
+ switch u := under(t.typ).(type) {
+ case *Interface:
+ terms = computeInterfaceTypeSet(check, pos, u).terms
+ case *TypeParam:
+ // A stand-alone type parameters is not permitted as union term.
+ // This case is handled during union parsing.
+ unreachable()
+ default:
+ terms = termlist{t}
+ }
+ // The type set of a union expression is the union
+ // of the type sets of each term.
+ allTerms = allTerms.union(terms)
+ }
+ utyp.tset.terms = allTerms
+
+ return utyp.tset
+}
writeSignature(buf, t, qf, visited)
case *Union:
- if t.IsEmpty() {
- buf.WriteString("⊥")
- break
+ // Unions only appear as (syntactic) embedded elements
+ // in interfaces and syntactically cannot be empty.
+ if t.NumTerms() == 0 {
+ panic("internal error: empty union")
}
for i, t := range t.terms {
if i > 0 {
writeSignature(buf, m.typ.(*Signature), qf, visited)
empty = false
}
- if !empty && tset.types != nil {
+ if !empty && tset.hasTerms() {
buf.WriteString("; ")
}
- if tset.types != nil {
- buf.WriteString("type ")
- writeType(buf, tset.types, qf, visited)
- }
+ first := true
+ tset.is(func(t *term) bool {
+ if !first {
+ buf.WriteByte('|')
+ }
+ first = false
+ if t.tilde {
+ buf.WriteByte('~')
+ }
+ writeType(buf, t.typ, qf, visited)
+ return true
+ })
} else {
// print explicit interface methods and embedded types
for i, m := range t.methods {
// ordinaryType reports an error if typ is an interface type containing
// type lists or is (or embeds) the predeclared type comparable.
func (check *Checker) ordinaryType(pos positioner, typ Type) {
- // We don't want to call under() (via asInterface) or complete interfaces
- // while we are in the middle of type-checking parameter declarations that
- // might belong to interface methods. Delay this check to the end of
- // type-checking.
+ // We don't want to call under() (via asInterface) or complete interfaces while we
+ // are in the middle of type-checking parameter declarations that might belong to
+ // interface methods. Delay this check to the end of type-checking.
check.later(func() {
if t := asInterface(typ); t != nil {
- tset := computeTypeSet(check, pos.Pos(), t) // TODO(gri) is this the correct position?
- if tset.types != nil {
- check.softErrorf(pos, _Todo, "interface contains type constraints (%s)", tset.types)
- return
- }
- if tset.IsComparable() {
- check.softErrorf(pos, _Todo, "interface is (or embeds) comparable")
+ tset := computeInterfaceTypeSet(check, pos.Pos(), t) // TODO(gri) is this the correct position?
+ if !tset.IsMethodSet() {
+ if tset.comparable {
+ check.softErrorf(pos, _Todo, "interface is (or embeds) comparable")
+ } else {
+ check.softErrorf(pos, _Todo, "interface contains type constraints")
+ }
}
}
})
u.nify(x.results, y.results, p)
}
- case *Union:
- panic("unimplemented: unification with type sets described by types")
-
case *Interface:
// Two interface types are identical if they have the same set of methods with
// the same names and identical function types. Lower-case method names from
if y, ok := y.(*Interface); ok {
xset := x.typeSet()
yset := y.typeSet()
- if !Identical(xset.types, yset.types) {
+ if !xset.terms.equal(yset.terms) {
return false
}
a := xset.methods
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// API
-// A Union represents a union of terms.
+// A Union represents a union of terms embedded in an interface.
type Union struct {
- terms []*term
+ terms []*term // list of syntactical terms (not a canonicalized termlist)
+ tset *_TypeSet // type set described by this union, computed lazily
}
// NewUnion returns a new Union type with the given terms (types[i], tilde[i]).
-// The lengths of both arguments must match. An empty union represents the set
-// of no types.
+// The lengths of both arguments must match. It is an error to create an empty
+// union; they are syntactically not possible.
func NewUnion(types []Type, tilde []bool) *Union { return newUnion(types, tilde) }
func (u *Union) IsEmpty() bool { return len(u.terms) == 0 }
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Implementation
-var emptyUnion = new(Union)
-
func newUnion(types []Type, tilde []bool) *Union {
assert(len(types) == len(tilde))
if len(types) == 0 {
- return emptyUnion
+ panic("empty union")
}
t := new(Union)
t.terms = make([]*term, len(types))
return t
}
-// is reports whether f returns true for all terms of u.
-func (u *Union) is(f func(*term) bool) bool {
- if u.IsEmpty() {
- return false
- }
- for _, t := range u.terms {
- if !f(t) {
- return false
- }
- }
- return true
-}
-
-// underIs reports whether f returned true for the underlying types of all terms of u.
-func (u *Union) underIs(f func(Type) bool) bool {
- if u.IsEmpty() {
- return false
- }
- for _, t := range u.terms {
- if !f(under(t.typ)) {
- return false
- }
- }
- return true
-}
-
func parseUnion(check *Checker, tlist []ast.Expr) Type {
- var types []Type
- var tilde []bool
+ var terms []*term
for _, x := range tlist {
- t, d := parseTilde(check, x)
- if len(tlist) == 1 && !d {
- return t // single type
+ tilde, typ := parseTilde(check, x)
+ if len(tlist) == 1 && !tilde {
+ return typ // single type
}
- types = append(types, t)
- tilde = append(tilde, d)
+ terms = append(terms, &term{tilde, typ})
}
- // Ensure that each type is only present once in the type list.
- // It's ok to do this check later because it's not a requirement
- // for correctness of the code.
+ // Check validity of terms.
+ // Do this check later because it requires types to be set up.
// Note: This is a quadratic algorithm, but unions tend to be short.
check.later(func() {
- for i, t := range types {
- t := expand(t)
- if t == Typ[Invalid] {
+ for i, t := range terms {
+ typ := expand(t.typ)
+ if typ == Typ[Invalid] {
continue
}
}
}
- u := under(t)
+ u := under(typ)
f, _ := u.(*Interface)
- if tilde[i] {
+ if t.tilde {
if f != nil {
- check.errorf(x, _Todo, "invalid use of ~ (%s is an interface)", t)
+ check.errorf(x, _Todo, "invalid use of ~ (%s is an interface)", typ)
continue // don't report another error for t
}
- if !Identical(u, t) {
- check.errorf(x, _Todo, "invalid use of ~ (underlying type of %s is %s)", t, u)
+ if !Identical(u, typ) {
+ check.errorf(x, _Todo, "invalid use of ~ (underlying type of %s is %s)", typ, u)
continue // don't report another error for t
}
}
continue // don't report another error for t
}
- // Complain about duplicate entries a|a, but also a|~a, and ~a|~a.
- // TODO(gri) We should also exclude myint|~int since myint is included in ~int.
- if includes(types[:i], t) {
- // TODO(rfindley) this currently doesn't print the ~ if present
- check.softErrorf(atPos(pos), _Todo, "duplicate term %s in union element", t)
+ // Report overlapping (non-disjoint) terms such as
+ // a|a, a|~a, ~a|~a, and ~a|A (where under(A) == a).
+ if j := overlappingTerm(terms[:i], t); j >= 0 {
+ check.softErrorf(atPos(pos), _Todo, "overlapping terms %s and %s", t, terms[j])
}
}
})
- return newUnion(types, tilde)
+ return &Union{terms, nil}
}
-func parseTilde(check *Checker, x ast.Expr) (typ Type, tilde bool) {
+func parseTilde(check *Checker, x ast.Expr) (tilde bool, typ Type) {
if op, _ := x.(*ast.UnaryExpr); op != nil && op.Op == token.TILDE {
x = op.X
tilde = true
return
}
-// intersect computes the intersection of the types x and y,
-// A nil type stands for the set of all types; an empty union
-// stands for the set of no types.
-func intersect(x, y Type) (r Type) {
- // If one of the types is nil (no restrictions)
- // the result is the other type.
- switch {
- case x == nil:
- return y
- case y == nil:
- return x
- }
-
- // Compute the terms which are in both x and y.
- // TODO(gri) This is not correct as it may not always compute
- // the "largest" intersection. For instance, for
- // x = myInt|~int, y = ~int
- // we get the result myInt but we should get ~int.
- xu, _ := x.(*Union)
- yu, _ := y.(*Union)
- switch {
- case xu != nil && yu != nil:
- return &Union{intersectTerms(xu.terms, yu.terms)}
-
- case xu != nil:
- if r, _ := xu.intersect(y, false); r != nil {
- return y
- }
-
- case yu != nil:
- if r, _ := yu.intersect(x, false); r != nil {
- return x
- }
-
- default: // xu == nil && yu == nil
- if Identical(x, y) {
- return x
- }
- }
-
- return emptyUnion
-}
-
-// includes reports whether typ is in list.
-func includes(list []Type, typ Type) bool {
- for _, e := range list {
- if Identical(typ, e) {
- return true
- }
- }
- return false
-}
-
-// intersect computes the intersection of the union u and term (y, yt)
-// and returns the intersection term, if any. Otherwise the result is
-// (nil, false).
-// TODO(gri) this needs to cleaned up/removed once we switch to lazy
-// union type set computation.
-func (u *Union) intersect(y Type, yt bool) (Type, bool) {
- under_y := under(y)
- for _, x := range u.terms {
- xt := x.tilde
- // determine which types xx, yy to compare
- xx := x.typ
- if yt {
- xx = under(xx)
- }
- yy := y
- if xt {
- yy = under_y
- }
- if Identical(xx, yy) {
- // T ∩ T = T
- // T ∩ ~t = T
- // ~t ∩ T = T
- // ~t ∩ ~t = ~t
- return xx, xt && yt
- }
- }
- return nil, false
-}
-
-func identicalTerms(list1, list2 []*term) bool {
- if len(list1) != len(list2) {
- return false
- }
- // Every term in list1 must be in list2.
- // Quadratic algorithm, but probably good enough for now.
- // TODO(gri) we need a fast quick type ID/hash for all types.
-L:
- for _, x := range list1 {
- for _, y := range list2 {
- if x.equal(y) {
- continue L // x is in list2
+// overlappingTerm reports the index of the term x in terms which is
+// overlapping (not disjoint) from y. The result is < 0 if there is no
+// such term.
+func overlappingTerm(terms []*term, y *term) int {
+ for i, x := range terms {
+ // disjoint requires non-nil, non-top arguments
+ if debug {
+ if x == nil || x.typ == nil || y == nil || y.typ == nil {
+ panic("internal error: empty or top union term")
}
}
- return false
- }
- return true
-}
-
-func intersectTerms(list1, list2 []*term) (list []*term) {
- // Quadratic algorithm, but good enough for now.
- // TODO(gri) fix asymptotic performance
- for _, x := range list1 {
- for _, y := range list2 {
- if r := x.intersect(y); r != nil {
- list = append(list, r)
- }
+ if !x.disjoint(y) {
+ return i
}
}
- return
+ return -1
}
sig := NewSignature(nil, nil, NewTuple(res), false)
err := NewFunc(token.NoPos, nil, "Error", sig)
ityp := &Interface{obj, []*Func{err}, nil, nil, true, nil}
- computeTypeSet(nil, token.NoPos, ityp) // prevent races due to lazy computation of tset
+ computeInterfaceTypeSet(nil, token.NoPos, ityp) // prevent races due to lazy computation of tset
typ := NewNamed(obj, ityp, nil)
sig.recv = NewVar(token.NoPos, nil, "", typ)
def(obj)
{
obj := NewTypeName(token.NoPos, nil, "comparable", nil)
obj.setColor(black)
- ityp := &Interface{obj, nil, nil, nil, true, &_TypeSet{true, nil, nil}}
+ ityp := &Interface{obj, nil, nil, nil, true, &_TypeSet{true, nil, topTermlist}}
NewNamed(obj, ityp, nil)
def(obj)
}