cmd/link: try libssp_nonshared.a when looking for "__stack_chk_fail_local"

cmd/link: try libssp_nonshared.a when looking for "__stack_chk_fail_local"

Update the code that tries to satisfy unresolved references to
"__stack_chk_fail_local" to look for "libssp_nonshared.a" in addition
to "libc_nonshared.a" (the former archive is the correct place on
Alpine).

Updates #52919.
Updates #54313.
Updates #57261.
Fixes #58385.

Change-Id: Id6cd3ebb4d5388df50a838e6efa5e5b683545b01
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/466936
Run-TryBot: Than McIntosh <thanm@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>