bytes, strings: add Cut

bytes, strings: add Cut

Using Cut is a clearer way to write the vast majority (>70%)
of existing code that calls Index, IndexByte, IndexRune, and SplitN.
There is more discussion on https://golang.org/issue/46336.

Fixes #46336.

Change-Id: Ia418ed7c3706c65bf61e1b2c5baf534cb783e4d3
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/351710
Trust: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Russ Cox <rsc@golang.org>
TryBot-Result: Go Bot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>