cmd/link: remove allocation in decoding type name

cmd/link: remove allocation in decoding type name

The type name symbol is always from a Go object file and we never
change it. Convert the data to string using unsafe conversion
without allocation.

Linking cmd/go (on macOS/amd64),

name           old alloc/op   new alloc/op   delta
Deadcode_GC      1.25MB ± 0%    1.17MB ± 0%   -6.29%  (p=0.000 n=20+20)

name           old allocs/op  new allocs/op  delta
Deadcode_GC       8.98k ± 0%     0.10k ± 3%  -98.91%  (p=0.000 n=20+20)

Change-Id: I33117ad1f991e4f14ce0b38cceec50b041e3c0a4
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/490915
TryBot-Result: Gopher Robot <gobot@golang.org>
Run-TryBot: Cherry Mui <cherryyz@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Than McIntosh <thanm@google.com>